Based on
the diameter of the projectile and not the studs, no Confederate or Federal
manufactured cannon known to the authors could have fired this projectile
during the American Civil War. This projectile has been confused with the known Armstrong
patterns, which had two to three rows of copper studs. There are two rows of six lead
studs, for a total of twelve studs. This type of projectile is also
found in a flat based variety which is of French provenance
and found in
additional calibers.
